We Must Be Free of Fear and Full of Hope

A pandemic more lethal than Covid-19 is convulsing America now. It is the pandemic of weaponized racism. 

We have all been traumatized by the video of life seeping out of George Floyd in real time as a Minneapolis policeman pressed his knee on his neck and cuts off his air supply. “I can’t breathe,” Floyd pleaded in his dying moments. In response, the white police office casually put his left hand in his pocket, adjusted his knee for maximum force, and kept the pressure on until George Floyd literally breathed his last.

In just the last few years we have seen several African-Americans paying the ultimate price at the hands of police and vigilantes for no fault other than having the ‘wrong’ shade of skin. Breonna Taylor, Ahmaud Arbery, Laquan McDonald, Eric Garner, Michael Brown, Sandra Bland, Tamir Rice, Walter Scott, Alton Sterling, Philando Castile, Botham Jean, Amadou Diallo, Freddie Gray, Sam Dubose, Terence Crutcher, Jamar Clark ... the list goes on and on.

Tommie Smith (won the gold medal in the 200-meter sprint finals in 19.83 seconds, first time the 20-seconds barrier was broken) and John Carlos raised their black-gloved fists during the medal ceremony in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics as symbols of Black Power and Human Dignity.

Statues of Tommie Smith and John Carlos on the Campus of
San Jose State University, their alma mater. Photo by Hasan Z Rahim

Fifty two years later, not only has nothing changed, it has become worse for African-Americans, particularly after Trump's rise to power.

How many of us can really feel in our guts the existential threat African-Americans experience every time they venture out to go the grocery store, to the local Starbucks, or to watch birds in a park, wondering, "Will I return alive from this outing?"

We have regressed to the extent that we keep asking ourselves, Is this America?

Police and vigilante brutality against minorities, particularly African-Americans, has reached par with the Apartheid at its worst in South Africa six decades or so ago, even though white supremacy was written into the South African constitution, not in the U.S. Constitution.

But words are cheap. What happens on the ground is reality; hallowed words are not.

Will Gandhi's non-violence work in America? Will Martin Luther King's? Will Thoreau be our guide?

That we are forced to raise these questions show the depth to which America has fallen under Trump and his enablers. The status quo has got to change.

The knee against the neck, against the jugular veins of an entire race, cutting off oxygen, surely cannot continue indefinitely. Something's gotta give. George Floyd was not an anomaly. He was the normal.

Fear has gripped us all. But fear can only create flimsy institutions. If whites band together for Trump because they fear "others" will become majority and take over everything, well, almost everything, that was "rightfully" theirs, then we will end up with a fractured country so stark that it will consist of nothing but bits and pieces, shards that are easily weaponized.

I am brown and Muslim and I say, along with millions of my fellow-Americans irrespective of color or faith, that we must be free of fear and full of hope for America not just to survive but thrive.

If we can aspire to that, we can say George Floyd did not die in vain.

May we all wake up to the light of decency and good governance on 4^th November, 2020. 

Srinivasa Ramanujan and Lessons for Today's India

Today, April 26, 2020, marks the centennial death anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan, the self-taught math genius born into a poor family in Southern India in 1887 under British colonial rule, who conjured theorems and formulas in his short 32 years of life that continue to intrigue and challenge mathematicians to this day.

Srinivasa Ramanujan

The anniversary comes at a tragic time for India. Sectarian and police violence have claimed many lives, mostly Muslim, following the passing of a discriminatory Citizenship Amendment Act in 2019 aggressively promoted by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Hindu-Nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Indians of all faiths have been demonstrating against the law, although the coronavirus contagion has halted it for now. (But the pandemic has added its own macabre twist to the story. Reports are now emerging that right-wing fanatics are attacking and killing Indian Muslims for spreading the virus!) The original Citizenship Act of 1955 guaranteed citizenship to every Indian irrespective of religion, reflecting the aspirations of a secular, democratic nation. The amended bill favors all major religions of South Asia except Islam, a blatant discrimination against India’s 200-million Muslim community.

Remembering Ramanujan against today’s India offers lessons about the insidious ways by which bigotry and injustice can erode the soul of a nation and stifle the flowering of its geniuses.

Ramanujan would have withered away as a shipping clerk in Madras (now Chennai) had it not been for the patronage of an Englishman. In 1913, the same year that Rabindranath Tagore, another son of India, won the Nobel Prize for Literature, Ramanujan wrote a letter to the Cambridge mathematician G. H. Hardy to rescue him from oblivion. Trying to digest the 50 or so theorems included in the letter, Hardy realized he was dealing with a rare phenomenon. The mathematics seemed so sublime that Hardy was convinced “the results must be true, because, if they were not true, no one would have the imagination to invent them.”

Ramanujan's Letter to Hardy

G.H. Hardy

Hardy managed to bring Ramanujan to England through a grant, giving him an intellectual home at Cambridge where he flourished for five years, producing pioneering work in such branches as number theory and partition function that secured his reputation as among the greats of mathematics. The serendipitous discovery of Ramanujan’s “Lost Notebook” by Wisconsin University Mathematics professor George Andrew in 1976 that included calculations involving “mock theta functions,” 56 years after he worked them out in India, has added to the enigma and the otherworldly genius of Ramanujan. The late physicist Freeman Dyson (1923-2020) aptly summed up Ramanujan’s achievement: “That was the wonderful thing about Ramanujan. He discovered so much, and yet he left so much more in his garden for other people to discover … I have intermittently been coming back to Ramanujan’s garden. Every time I come back, I find fresh flowers blooming.”

From Ramanujan's Notebooks

Ramanujan’s theorems are now applied in fields ranging from particle physics and statistics to cryptology and computer science. His approximation for pi, the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter, finds use in today’s fastest algorithms in computing the irrational number to trillion decimal places.

Ramanujan was lucky. (So was Tagore. Had not the Irish poet Yeats championed his work in the West, the Bengali poet would unlikely to have won the Nobel.) But for every Ramanujan who succeeded, how many Ramanujans must have died on the vine when the British ruled the Subcontinent for over a century? Colonial powers by their nature subjugate, exploit and massacre. But when the oppressors are one’s own leaders, what’s the excuse? Modi and his BJP passed the Citizenship Act to marginalize Muslims or drive them out of India. Such overt discrimination affects not only the target population but the entire nation, preventing potential Tagores and Ramanujans from ever seeing the light of day.

The human potential of India is incalculable. We get a sense of it by the disproportionate number of Indian American engineers and CEOs keeping hi-tech companies humming right here in Silicon Valley. Brain drain from India and other countries will continue so long as the West offers better opportunities to immigrants. While India cannot provide such opportunities for all, passing discriminatory laws against a segment of its population diminishes the nation and shackles its geniuses, be they Hindu, Sikh, Christian or Muslim. When a government becomes tyrannical, the creative vitality of its people seeps away as from cut flowers in a vase.

Community Peace Rally for American Sikhs

San Joseans from all walks of life attended a community peace rally for Sikhs on August 9 at the Santa Clara County Government Center in downtown San Jose. It came in the wake of the death of six Sikhs in a Gurdwara (a place of learning and worship) in Wisconsin by a deranged supremacist. The hundreds of participating Sikhs were moved by the support and sympathy of Americans of all faiths and color. Although the occasion was somber, the evidence of common humanity lifted the spirits of local Sikhs and strengthened their faith in an inclusive America.

Leaders from Jewish, Christian, Muslim, Buddhist , Hindu and other religious and humanitarian organizations - NAACP, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Punjabi  - spoke at the rally. Posters reading “I Pledge Against Violence” and “When ONE American is hurt, we ALL hurt” underscored the message of the rally.

Speaker after speaker emphasized zero tolerance policy in America for hate, bigotry and prejudice. They bemoaned the culture of violence that seems to have gripped America. “Sikhs are peace-loving, law-abiding Americans,” said one speaker. “It is a terrible tragedy that a bigot chose to attack these gentle people in their place of worship. We must be united against such acts of violence anywhere. “

Another speaker, a lawyer and an activist, reminded the audience that the attack in Wisconsin was far from being an isolated incident.  “Just a few days ago, a gun freak opened fire in a theatre in Colorado, killing several movie goers. Columbine, Arizona, Virginia, the list goes on and on. Only a few psychopaths are breeding domestic terrorism. We have become hostages in our own country. Violent people are using the Second Amendment to kill. With violence so pervasive in the U.S. today, the idea that anyone has the right to bear arms has become outdated. As a nation, we must have the courage to amend the Second Amendment.” Otherwise, she said, bigots and supremacists will continue to target Americans who do not fit their narrow definition of who an American is.

Within hours of the Wisconsin shooting, domestic terrorists burned down a mosque in tornado-ravaged Joplin, MO. Fueled by hate and irrational fear and by irresponsible, conspiracy-theory-prone politicians, violence is rising dramatically throughout the United States. Collectively, Americans own 300 million guns, more than cars and more than there are adults in the country. Without effective gun control, as several speakers emphasized at the rally, violence of the type at the Sikh temple will become a daily occurrence in America.

Sikh children sang devotional songs and songs of peace at the rally. Sikh leaders spoke of resilience, love and unity, tempering their thoughts with practical ways to halt the cycle of violence in America, their beloved homeland.